Sudan: How a Wealthy Country is Ruining Itself After 70 Years of Dictatorship and War
Sudan, a country with a rich history and significant natural resources, is facing a humanitarian catastrophe caused by social degradation and the lack of democratic institutions. Despite gaining independence in 1956, over the past seventy years, the country has undergone numerous military dictatorships that have been the primary cause of its decline.
There are 132 pyramids located in Sudan, which testify to its cultural heritage and historical significance. However, despite these riches, the country has felt the severe consequences of political instability. In 2011, South Sudan seceded, further exacerbating the situation in the region. Since 2019, Sudan has experienced mass protests against the dictatorship that, unfortunately, did not bring about the expected changes. In 2021, the country once again experienced a military coup, which led to further escalation of conflict.
Humanitarian Crisis and Political Instability
In 2023, a full-scale civil war started in Sudan, leading to enormous human losses. It is estimated that around 300,000 people have died in Darfur, highlighting the seriousness of the humanitarian situation. Despite Sudan officially exporting around 500 tons of gold in 2022, the lack of democratic institutions, the rule of law, and respect for the rights of all citizens regardless of ethnicity, language, or religion contributes to social decay and ongoing violence.
Discussions held by Yuriy Romanenko and Mohammad Farajallah underscore the uniqueness of Sudan as a resource-rich country, yet neglected due to political circumstances. 'Sudan is just a unique case where a country rich in everything is simply neglected,' the experts noted. They also pointed out the dire living conditions where ordinary people, seeking simple pleasures, face a lack of basic necessities.
'When I entered, I just wanted to eat fish, and I enter a restaurant where the floor has no tiles, just sand.' - Expert's comment
The main conclusion of the discussion: 'The country must be one for all, for everyone.' The absence of adequate democratic structures leads to deepening crisis, indicating the need for urgent reforms and restoration of peace. The key lesson to be drawn from the situation in Sudan is that without proper governance and respect for human rights, even the wealthiest countries can find themselves on the brink of destruction.
The situation in Sudan serves as a vivid example of how political instability and the lack of democratic institutions can lead to a humanitarian catastrophe in a resource-rich country. In the context of civil war and social decay, the population faces numerous challenges, underscoring the importance of international support and attention to human rights. Restoring peace and sustainable governance structures in Sudan is critically important for stability not only in this country but also in the region as a whole.