Impact of Ukrainian Drone Attacks on Russian Oil Refineries
Attacks by Ukrainian drones have forced major oil refineries in central Russia to either halt or reduce fuel production. The combined capacity of the affected facilities exceeds 83 million metric tons per year—roughly one-quarter of Russia's total refining capacity. These refineries were responsible for supplying more than 30% of the country's gasoline and about 25% of its diesel fuel. Since April 2026, Ukraine has intensified its campaign against Russian energy infrastructure, targeting refineries, pipelines, and maritime facilities.
Among the hardest hit is the Kirishinsky refinery, which has a capacity of 20 million tons per year and has been completely shut down since May 5. The Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez (NORSI) refinery, with a capacity of 17 million tons per year, was struck on May 20. Additionally, the Moscow Oil Refinery temporarily suspended crude processing after a drone attack on May 17, though no critical equipment damage was reported and the shutdown is considered a precautionary measure. Full production is expected to resume within a few days.
Scope of Attacks and Their Consequences
Since April 16, Ukrainian drone strikes on Russian oil infrastructure have triggered large-scale fires in Tuapse on four separate occasions. In April 2026 alone, Ukraine conducted at least 21 attacks targeting refineries, pipelines, and maritime assets. This made April the most active month on record for strikes against Russian oil facilities, surpassing the previous monthly high set in December 2025.
These developments highlight the growing strain on Russia's energy sector amid its conflict with Ukraine. The loss of refining capacity could have serious repercussions for Russia's domestic fuel market and overall economic stability. Given the scale of the attacks and potential precautionary measures, restoring production at the affected plants may take considerable time. This, in turn, could drive up regional fuel prices and create additional challenges for the Russian economy.
The ongoing drone strikes not only disrupt Russia's refining capabilities but also raise questions about their broader economic impact. As the situation evolves, analysts are examining whether these attacks could significantly affect Moscow's revenue from oil exports. For a deeper understanding of how these developments might influence the global oil market, read more about the potential implications of these strikes on Russia's export revenue.