The Status of Ukrainians in the EU
As of the end of February 2026, there are 4.4 million Ukrainians residing in the European Union under temporary protection status. This status has been extended until March 4, 2027, reflecting the ongoing need for support due to the war in Ukraine. During February 2026 alone, the number of Ukrainians with this protection increased by 22,415 individuals, with Ukrainians constituting over 98% of all recipients of this status in the EU.
Distribution of Ukrainians Across the EU
Data on the distribution of Ukrainians across EU member states shows the largest populations are located in:
- Germany – 1,267,475 people (28.8%)
- Poland – 966,595 people (22.0%)
- Czechia – 399,630 people (9.1%)
The most significant increases in the number of people under temporary protection in February were observed in Germany (+7,245), Czechia (+2,445), and Spain (+2,425). Conversely, Estonia, France, and Luxembourg recorded a decrease in the number of individuals receiving this status.
Furthermore, the Polish government has prepared a draft law that envisions a gradual phasing out of the special support measures for Ukrainian refugees introduced in 2022. After March 4, 2026, Ukrainians in Poland will be subject to the same regulations as other foreign nationals, which could significantly alter their legal standing and access to benefits. This policy shift highlights the evolving nature of the refugee response as the conflict persists.
The demographic breakdown of Ukrainian temporary protection recipients is as follows:
- 43.5% are adult women
- 30.2% are children
- 26.3% are adult men
It is crucial to note that creating the right conditions for the return of Ukrainians from abroad—such as an end to the war, security guarantees, and a stable economic foundation—remains a key prerequisite for large-scale repatriation.
"Ukraine should prepare for the fact that a significant portion of citizens who left because of the war will never return home." – Dmytro Kuleba
This situation underscores the protracted scale of the humanitarian crisis caused by the war in Ukraine and the continued importance of international support. The extension of the EU's temporary protection status demonstrates member states' commitment, yet policy changes like the planned rollback in Poland may present new challenges for those unable to return. Consequently, ongoing monitoring and policy adaptation are essential to safeguard the rights and address the needs of Ukrainian refugees across Europe.
As Poland prepares to adjust its support for Ukrainian refugees, the broader implications of EU policies are also coming into focus. Recent discussions indicate that the EU is considering stricter asylum regulations that could affect many individuals seeking refuge. These developments highlight the shifting landscape for Ukrainians in Europe, emphasizing the need for continued awareness of their rights and protections amid ongoing changes.