Scientists link the benefits of vegetables for the heart to gut bacteria

Beneficial compounds. Gut bacteria may explain the benefits of vegetables for the heart and metabolism

According to НВ — Техно: Publication date: August 25, 08:58

Researchers at the Karolinska Institute have found that gut bacteria can convert nitrates and non-heme iron from plant-based foods into dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC). These compounds can enter the bloodstream and affect the body, particularly the cardiovascular system, metabolism, and blood sugar control.

Experiments on mice revealed that increased levels of DNIC were associated with improvements in many physiological parameters, including:

• lower blood pressure;
• improved vascular function;
• reduced fat accumulation in the liver.

Nitrates, which serve as the basis for the formation of DNIC, are naturally found in many vegetables, including beets and leafy greens. Non-heme iron, which is also an important component for the formation of DNIC, is found in legumes, whole grains, and green vegetables.

The study conducted on mice, cells, bacteria, and human tissue samples showed that mice without gut microorganisms did not show DNIC, confirming the importance of gut bacteria in this process.

The results of the experiment demonstrated that the increased level of DNIC in animals was accompanied by lower blood pressure, improved vascular function, better blood sugar control, and reduced liver fat. However, the researchers emphasize that most of the data were obtained from experimental models, and it is still unknown how well this mechanism works in the human body.

Next steps in the research

The next phase of the research will involve developing a method for measuring DNIC levels in humans, as well as clarifying the mechanisms by which these compounds are formed, transported in the body, and affect its functions. This could be significant for improving health and preventing diseases related to the cardiovascular system and metabolism.

These results highlight the potential of plant-based foods and the importance of gut microbiota for overall human health. Studying the mechanisms underlying the interaction between gut bacteria and compounds formed from vegetables may open new opportunities for dietary recommendations and the development of new disease prevention strategies. Further research in this area may help to understand how to optimize nutrition to support cardiovascular health and normalize metabolism.

As researchers continue to uncover the intricate connections between diet and health, understanding the role of gut bacteria becomes increasingly vital. For instance, a recent study highlights the potential of certain cheeses to harbor beneficial bacteria with probiotic properties, which could further enhance our understanding of gut health and its impact on the body. To explore this fascinating link, read more about the promising findings on probiotic bacteria in cheeses.